Two Frames for Planning & Decision Making.

You should read this if… you are a leader in business who wants a clearer way to strengthen planning and decision‑making in an uncertain, fast‑changing environment. This article introduces two simple but powerful frames for planning: understanding that every plan is built on a mix of knowledge and assumptions, and recognising that real‑world outcomes are shaped by how plans collide with reality. It explains how making assumptions explicit, testing them with foresight tools, and planning for shifting conditions helps leaders design more adaptable strategies—reducing surprise, improving execution, and increasing the likelihood that plans deliver impact and future growth even as circumstances change.